The Criminal Procedure Code, 1973, classifies criminal offences into certain categories such as cognizable, non-cognizable, bailable, and non-bailable offences
They include murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation or forcible transfer of population, torture, acts of sexual violence or enforced disappearance of persons.
The reason these cases come to court is always the same: a person is taken to court because she is accused of a crime. The judge, and sometimes a jury, must consider the evidence presented during a trial to decide whether the accused is guilty or innocent.
Most crimes and their punishments are described in the Criminal Code of Canada. Some crimes involve other people, including
Other crimes have to do with objects, such as drug possession and making fake money (counterfeit).
A criminal case is a type of court proceeding in which a prosecutor employed by the federal , state , or local government charges a person with the commission of a crime . Criminal cases generally begin after the person is arrested and informed of their charges, usually at a hearing known as an indictment . In criminal cases, the defendant is always considered innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in court. When a court holds a person guilty of committing a crime, that may result in a sentence under criminal law . Such sentences may be imprisonment, an order to pay a fine, community service or a combination of the three.